The amount granted, funding frequency, and selection criteria of these funding opportunities varies widely. Some are based only on merit, and do not take into account any financial need on the part of the applicant. Some are just the opposite, and will ask you to enumerate your financial need in detail. Often, the criteria fall somewhere in between, taking into account the merit and financial need of the applicant. Many are focused specifically on funding research costs, and are not to be spent on personal expenses, while some are intended to be spent exclusively on living and educational expenses.
Like the specifics of the funding opportunities themselves, the format and content of the applications are highly variable. Many ask for the generic materials: statement of purpose, research proposal, transcripts, a CV, and letters of recommendation. Some, on the other hand, can be very, very easy. For example, I got $1,000 for writing a 250 word blurb. While my general advice is to apply, apply, and apply again, I definitely think that some of the smaller scholarships and grants require far too much work for the amount of money they offer in return. For me, a full application package including transcripts and letters of recommendation might not be worth a chance at winning $200. For you, it might be worth the time and energy. Just remember to take the time to analyze the costs associated with applying and weigh them against the potential benefits of winning the award.
Another category of grant to keep an eye out for is travel awards. These are often associated with conferences or meetings, and are to be used to cover any expenses associated with attending. Usually, these are advertised on the hosting organization's webpage, but there are some independent travel awards funded by specific endowments or departments. These awards also have different criteria, but they are usually reserved for students who will be presenting a talk or a poster at the conference.
So, in summary, search broadly, apply early, apply often, and reap the rewards!
Until next time,
Casey
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